Turkomans are divided into many tribes. Yomut, Tekke, Ersari, Saryk, Salor, Chodor, Arabatchi and Kizil Ayak are the principal tribes and they inhabit the area bound by the Caspian Sea and the Amu Darya River in Central Asia. Each Turkoman tribe had its own emblem known as a ‘gul’, a polygonal shaped motif meaning rose or flower, which they weave on the rugs in an endless repeat pattern in vertical rows usually with off-set patterns of minor guls. When a tribe was defeated by another, its guls would be absorbed into the superior tribe’s patterns. This is a typical example of a Turkoman pile rug with four rows of guls repeating over the red field. It was hand-woven in the early 20th century.
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